Section+3,+Table+6+-+digital+media

PowerPoint Monday 10/1/12


 * Digital Photography**
 * 1981- Sony created the Sony Mavica (first digital camera)
 * Two types of sensors:
 * CCD- charge coupled device
 * CMOS- complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
 * **Pixel**- single element, point or dot that contains color
 * Depending on the cameras capability you can capture images with millions of pixels
 * **Monitor Resolution-** number of dots drawn horizontally and vertically across the screen
 * **BIT depth-** the number of bits of information each pixel can understand
 * **8 bit computer**= 28 different colors can be displayed
 * **DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY TERMS:**
 * **Focal length-** the distance between the center of a lens
 * **Aperture-** the opening that determines how much light you let in a camera
 * **ISO-** The measure of films sensitivity to light
 * **Shutter Speed-** effective length of time a cameras shutter is to open
 * **sRGB-** standard RGB color space created cooperatively by monitors, printers, and the internet
 * **Exif data-** Exchangeable Image file, a format that is a standard for storing interchange information in digital photography image files
 * **Raw image format-** a basic format with minimally processed data
 * **JPG or JPEG-** standard web image file type
 * **JPEG-** joing photographic experts group

-**Rule of Thirds-** Divide picture horizontally and vertically and these intersections provide good center points for the composition.
A **//still film camera//** is made up of three basic elements: 1. An optical element (the lens) 2. A chemical element (the film)  3. A mechanical element (the camera body itself) -As [|light] travels from one medium to another, it changes speed. Light travels more quickly through air than it does through glass, so a lens slows it down. -When light enters a piece of glass, one part of the wave will reach the glass before the other causing the first part of the wave to slow down first. As soon as the light reaches the glass it **bends** in one direction. When it exits the glass, the light bends again due to the air speeding up the light. -In a standard **converging or convex** lens, one or both sides of the glass curves out. The rays of light will bend towards the center of the lens on entry. -In a **double convex lens,** like a magnifying glass, the light will bend when it exits and enters.
 * __How Cameras Work __**
 * __Manual single-lens reflex- __** Photographer sees the exact same image that is exposed to the film and can adjust everything by turning dials and clicking buttons. This camera does not need any electricity to take a picture.
 * __Lens- __** A curved piece of glass or plastic. The job of the lens is to take the beams of light bouncing off an object and redirect them so they come together to form a real image.

__** Megapixel Myth **__

- Sharpness depends more on your photographic skill than the number of megapixels, because most people's sloppy subject motion blurs the image more than the width of a microscopic pixel.

- Pictures are made up of little dots called **pixels**. Pixel stands for PICture ELement. Put enough of them together and you have a picture. They are arranged horizontally and vertically.

- **Resolution **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> is how many pixels you have counted horizontally or vertically when used to describe a stored image.

- **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pixel Count, expressed as Megapixels **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">, is simply multiplying the number of horizontal pixels by the number of vertical pixels.

- **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Screen Resolution **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">-Most computer screens today are about 100 DPI, dots per inch. There isn't much variation from screen to screen so we rarely discuss this. It's easy to figure out: most computer screens are about 1,024 x 768 pixels. If your screen is 10" wide then divides 1,024 by 10 and you have a 102.4 DPI screen. Bigger screens tend to have more pixels, for instance, my 22" CRT has 1,600 x 1,200 pixels and has a viewing area of 16 x 12."

- **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Myth **


 * o <span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">The megapixel myth is also prevalent because men (lol?) always want a single number by which something's goodness can be judged.
 * o **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">One needs at least a **//**<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">doubling **//**<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">of **//**<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">linear **//**<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">resolution or film size to make an obvious improvement. This is the same as **//**<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">quadrupling **//**<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">the megapixels. **<span style="font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">A simple doubling of megapixels, even if all else remained the same, is very subtle. The factors that matter, like color and sharpening algorithms, are far more significant.