Section+1,+Table+1+-+Intro+to+the+course,+history+of+computing,+information+searching

Heres the link to the key terms for week 1 https://canvas.instructure.com/courses/739593/wiki/week-1-keywords?module_item_id=4202119 We have gone from the vacuum tube to the transistor, to the microchip. Then the microchip started talking to the modem. Now we exchange text, sound, photos and movies in a digital environment. ||
 * **History of Computing ** ||
 * **Definition of a Computer** - before 1935, a computer was a person who performed arithmetic calculations. Between 1935 and 1945 the definition referred to a machine, rather than a person. The modern machine definition is based on von Neumann's concepts: a device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output.
 * **History of Computing ** ||
 * **Definition of a Computer** - before 1935, a computer was a person who performed arithmetic calculations. Between 1935 and 1945 the definition referred to a machine, rather than a person. The modern machine definition is based on von Neumann's concepts: a device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output.


 * __Basic Computing__**

> 's to perform functions
 * Moore's Law - The number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles every two years; as time goes on, it becomes less expensive to produce more powerful computers.
 * Computers use "boolean algebra", a system of manipulating variables with 1 of 2 values. (e.g. true/false, on/off, high/low)
 * Common boolean operators- and, or, not
 * Basic unit of computing is called a "bit", computers use these bits comprised of 1's and 0
 * There are 8 bits in a byte, which can represent 256 values from 0 to 255.
 * Computers use combinational and sequantial circuits to function
 * half adder - adds two one-bit binary numbers
 * full adder - adds binary numbers and any other numbers along with them
 * ASCII - American Standard Code For Information Interchange, uses 7 bits
 * binary values 0-127 given a value
 * 128-255 are accented characters from foreign languages
 * Types of storage media:
 * Hard drives
 * Flash drives
 * Floppy Discs